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Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Primary Mixed Neural Cell Cultures : Uptake, Oxidative Stress and Acute Calcium Responses

Haase, A. and Rott, S. and Mantion, A. and Graf, P. and Plendl, J. and Thunemann, A. F. and Meier, W. P. and Taubert, A. and Luch, A. and Reiser, G.. (2012) Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Primary Mixed Neural Cell Cultures : Uptake, Oxidative Stress and Acute Calcium Responses. Toxicological Sciences, Vol. 126, H. 2. pp. 457-468.

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Official URL: http://edoc.unibas.ch/dok/A6070455

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Abstract

In the body, nanoparticles can be systemically distributed and then may affect secondary target organs, such as the central nervous system (CNS). Putative adverse effects on the CNS are rarely investigated to date. Here, we used a mixed primary cell model consisting mainly of neurons and astrocytes and a minor proportion of oligodendrocytes to analyze the effects of well-characterized 20 and 40 nm silver nanoparticles (SNP). Similar gold nanoparticles served as control and proved inert for all endpoints tested. SNP induced a strong size-dependent cytotoxicity. Additionally, in the low concentration range (up to 10 mu g/ml of SNP), the further differentiated cultures were more sensitive to SNP treatment. For detailed studies, we used low/medium dose concentrations (up to 20 mu g/ml) and found strong oxidative stress responses. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected along with the formation of protein carbonyls and the induction of heme oxygenase-1. We observed an acute calcium response, which clearly preceded oxidative stress responses. ROS formation was reduced by antioxidants, whereas the calcium response could not be alleviated by antioxidants. Finally, we looked into the responses of neurons and astrocytes separately. Astrocytes were much more vulnerable to SNP treatment compared with neurons. Consistently, SNP were mainly taken up by astrocytes and not by neurons. Immunofluorescence studies of mixed cell cultures indicated stronger effects on astrocyte morphology. Altogether, we can demonstrate strong effects of SNP associated with calcium dysregulation and ROS formation in primary neural cells, which were detectable already at moderate dosages.
Faculties and Departments:05 Faculty of Science > Departement Chemie
05 Faculty of Science > Departement Chemie > Former Organization Units Chemistry > Makromolekulare Chemie (Meier)
UniBasel Contributors:Meier, Wolfgang P.
Item Type:Article, refereed
Article Subtype:Research Article
Publisher:Oxford University Press
ISSN:1096-6080
Note:Publication type according to Uni Basel Research Database: Journal article
Language:English
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Last Modified:13 Mar 2018 17:19
Deposited On:01 Mar 2013 11:12

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