Chiral Compounds

The article contains sections titled:
1. Introduction
1.1. Properties of Enantiomers
1.2. Absolute Configuration at Stereogenic Centers
1.3. Other Stereogenic Elements
2. Analysis of Chiral Compounds
2.1. Optical Rotation
2.2. NMR-Spectroscopic Analysis
2.3. Chromatographic Analysis
3. Occurrence, Significance and Synthetic Options
3.1. Occurrence and Significance
3.2. Synthetic Options
4. Resolution of Racemates and Chiral Pool Approach
4.1. Resolution of Racemates
4.2. Chiral Pool Approach
5. Stoichiometric Enantioselective Synthesis
5.1. Chiral Reagents
5.2. Chiral Auxiliaries
6. Enantioselective Catalysis
7. Catalysis with Soluble Metal Complexes (Homogeneous Catalysis)
7.1. Hydrogenation of Olefins, Ketones and C=N Functions
7.2. Oxidation Reactions
7.3. Addition Reactions to C=C, C=O, and C=N Moieties
7.4. Miscellaneous Transformations
7.5. Future Developments
8. Heterogeneous Catalysis
9. Organocatalysis
9.1. Covalent Binding: Aminocatalysis
9.2. Hydrogen–Bonding Catalysis
9.3. Ion Pair Formation: Catalysis with Lewis Bases, Brønsted Acids, and Phase Transfer Cations
9.4. Further Aspects and Future Developments
10. Enzymatic Transformations